What it takes to be a leader

Listening to another HBR Ideacast (the podcast I recently subscribed to from Harvard Business School) I was struck by Marshall Goldsmith’s definition of leadership. (Goldsmith is the author of the Ask The Coach blog and the book What Got You Here Won’t Get You There.) He says his research among 200 high performing leaders indicates that there a number of qualities found in the best leaders. Among the old favourites (which he suggests will still be on the list 100 years from now) are:

  1. Integrity
  2. Customer focus
  3. Competitiveness
  4. Vision

I bet you will find these on the list of leadership competencies in just about every major company – certainly true in Reed Business Information.

But in our rapidly changing world there are six new ones which make it onto the list:

  1. Thinking globally
  2. Sensitivity to cross cultural diversity
  3. Technological savvy (not being an engineer, but understanding how technology impacts the core business and having the ability to hire technologists)
  4. Alliances and partnerships
  5. Sharing leadership (managing knowledge workers – definition: people who know more than their boss)
  6. Learning agility – the ability to keep open to the changing world around us.

It was interesting to write this post so soon after meeting a bunch of start-up CEOs – Chris Michel of Affinity Labs, Kathy Yates of AllBusiness.com, West Shell of Healthline, and Alex Karp of Palantir.

How did they stack up against the “new” list?

  1. It was too early for most to be far down the global track, but a few of them were already talking of their move to other parts of the world, and internationalisation seems to have been built in at the product level from day one.
  2. Not addressed specifically, but Alex Karp did make an interesting point about the attitude towards talent in The Valley: he says all companies hire the best they can and discrimination on any other grounds is unthinkable. He was convincing.
  3. This one was evident is spades. The products we saw were technologically driven by people who really appear to feel technology can change the world.
  4. For almost all of the CEOs partnerships and alliances came naturally; in a world where things move really, really fast why create something when you can partner with someone who already has it?
  5. This one is clearly key – talent was on everyone’s mind. In the highly competitive atmosphere of The Valley (and with Google gobbling up vast quantities of the best) there is an obsession with hiring the right people. And these people are, almost by definition, smarter than their bosses.
  6. Even the 50-somethings had their LinkedIn profiles, and their Facebook pages – they tried to keep experimenting with the new social models even though they were clearly at times uncomfortable with them. This was admirable – and very different from what I have witnessed back home. You can, of course argue that these are tech start-ups so they are different. But Marshall Goldsmith’s point is that all companies are tech companies these days, or at least have technology at their hearts. So the argument doesn’t stand.

Healthline

West Shell, ceo of Healthline, is now talking. He has taken the company during the last three years from 5 people to 80 people. Now it is the leading provider of health information in US he says and soon to be the world.

Healthline Networks develops services which it first tries out on Healthline.com which is one of the top sites in the US with 27m impressions and 6m uniques in February. He says the market is changing fast – the ageing population is driving the market. 80% of all elderly Americans went online last year looking for health advice, he says.

Medical search is a complex area basically since consumer and medical language don’t match. The core asset is the world’s largest medical taxonomy.

Next they are planning to add advertising, again driven by the taxonomy.

WebMD has 18% of the market on its own, but because the Healthline platform is distributed through partners it has already over 20% market share, says West.

Now they are working with health insurers (like Aetna) and medical suppliers (like GE) to provide customised and personal health information systems. These can be multi-million, multi-year deals.

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Soundbites:

"These are not Barney deals ("I like you, you like me".) (talking about the partnership deals.)

Lessons from this morning

It is quite revealing that all three of the businesses we have heard from this morning have built their businesses through partnerships and licensing. These are things which traditional media companies find really, really hard.

For example Healthline is building out a vertical ad network where they traffic targeted ads to the network of sites they partner with. I wonder whether this is something which Flightglobal.com and our other bigger vertical sites shouldn’t be considering.

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All Business

Kathy Yates, ceo of AllBusiness.com is now talking. She shows us her LinkedIn page and her Facebook page and describes herself “west coast digerati”.

She says she first looked at Allbusiness in 2004. Her assessment? Good core audience of 200k users but with rudimentary publishing tools, and a notoriously difficult to reach segment – small business people. It had one thing going for it though: it was based in San Francisco.

She started in digital eight years ago as founder of Knight Ridder digital. Working at Dow Jones’ Marketwatch she began to consider whether search would become the strategic inflection point where Google provides enough information on the search page to obviate the need to visit sites like Marketwatch. That’s the point she joined AllBusiness.

Assumptions: we are living in an online world of intent-driven media; we are not long the front door, search is; readers care more about relevance than content source. The keys to success: it’s 10x more important to be agile than smart; economics of scale favours the aggregation model; and online businesses are quantitative and metrics driven.

They build a content management system which can auto-categorise aggregated content and a real time optimisation engine which can change content according to circumstances to maximise revenue. Content was built out – now there are 4m content units (licensed) in 25 types – words, video etc. There are relationships with over 800 vendors.

The audience is a broad based small business audience, very transactionally oriented, looking for solutions.

There is a lot of CPC lead generation advertising which is very targeted. They use the Fast search engine.

There are now 65 performance indicators which they track weekly. Interestingly – many of these are about spider activity.

“We analyse what sessions are being generated by each content unit and we then optimise to drive traffic up.” The key thing is the linkage into and out of each article – this is now what she describes as a science – she calls it the “blood supply”. However, the decision making around the data is very messy, she says. “The data only points you in the right direction.”

They are just about to introduce pay-per-document sales.

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She says the original taxonomy wasn’t sophisticated enough, so now they license the taxonomy from Lexis-Nexis. There were 3.7m unique visitors in February and they are aiming for 5m at the end of the year. This compares with 1m uniques for the leading brand site entrepreneur.com

Only 3% of the audience comes in through the home page – search is key.

The company was bought by Dunn and Bradstreet in December last year.

So what is the next inflection?

Is it the end of advertising as we know it? Will the only thing that matters be mathematical algorithms which match users to advertising? Or will engaging user communities become key to unlocking brand advertising? She says she is just beginning to notice that brand advertisers are pulling back.

Soundbites:

“I have 300 contacts on LinkedIn.”

Affinity Labs – scaleable web portals

The day kicks of with Affinity Labs. CEO and founder Chris Michel is talking. He talks about how he started military.com in 1999 at the height of the boom. He raised $39m capital and wasted $25m, he says. Then, in 2000 the crunch came, the staff was cut from 80 people to 11 people. At that point the site was down to its last $50k. "We fired the professional management, went on the road and sold some business."

Then the company was sold to Monster in 2004.  Joined Monster. The idea was to take Military.com and do the same thing in loads of sectors. It would be a totally separate entity and Monster would have a call option for one time revenues. However, the ceo resigned and the idea was withdrawn.

So he left the company and set up on his own. The scalable technology allows for a new vertical every few weeks. "Four months after we got funded we launched policelink.com – now it is the largest police site on the web." The plan is to launch 30 high value communities which they manage and then hundreds of self-managed communities. One key is that you can scale to pursue opportunities when they occur, he says. Affinity uses SEM to ensure that the money which is spent on marketing is profitable on day one. Currently Alchemy runs 11 portals with 30 people. "If we have to choose we will always choose someone who gets the internet, rather than someone who gets the particular subject." He says they can get a site up in two weeks. Within the portal they consider the segments within – people who want to be a police officer as well as people are already. "We do have great content, we just licence it."

He went out on his own in October 2006 and sold it back to Monster in January 2008 for $61m. Now trying to run Affinity Labs within the corporate environment. "What works is accountability and responsibility in single individuals."

His view on Reed Elsevier: " You guys aren’t getting enough value out of your content."

The big brake on innovation in corporates is that the innovators don’t get the rewards that they can on the outside.

 

Soundbites:

"There is no such thing as an FTE – a full time equivalent."

"Large companies have a broad distribution curve of people."

"Every Monday at noon the resumes spike on Monster – it is the world saying "I hate my job."

"The reward for innovation is eclipsed by the penalties for failure."

"Never confuse activity with outcomes. Focus on what really matters. For example buying media – does a NYT story really matter? The really expensive is management bandwidth."

"I am a linear innovator. I don’t invent, I exploit."

"I’m looking forward to the imminent collision between LinkedIn and Facebook."

San Francisco

 

Arrived at San Francisco airport in the sunshine – quite a relief after the lousy Easter weather we’ve been having. (View is from the aircraft window as we approached the runway).

Nearly first off the plane and then no queues at passport control – and then a 45 minute wait for the driver who, it turns out, had been told we were flying in on United.

Then into the legendary Californian rush-hour traffic for a crawl down-town.

Enough free time this afternoon for a quick visit to the Apple store on Union Square before the welcome drinks and dinner/kick-off meeting.

More later…

San Francisco innovation

Off to San Francisco tomorrow for a whistlestop tour of some innovative companies courtesy of the Reed Elsevier Innovation team. We’re going to be based in the J W Marriott in Post Street and will be hearing from Affinity Labs, Allbusiness and Healthline before heading off to Palo Alto to visit Media X and Palantir. Day two we’re off to see Yahoo! and Frog Design. I’ll try to blog my experiences as they happen (I’m hoping to take advantage of Google’s famous free wireless, but we’ll see… ) If there’s anything you want me to ask any of these guys, leave a comment and I’ll do my best…

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Incentivising the right behaviour

I’ve recently subscribed to a podcast called HBR Ideacast where luminaries from Harvard Business School talk to luminaries from elsewhere. Episode 76 which I was listening to on the drive home last night featured John Boudreau, the co-author of a book called Beyond HR, the new science of human capital. Mostly it was all just common sense – one of the "big ideas" was that you should incentivise things which are "pivotal". He uses the example of Disney Land – there’s not much point in incentivising the sweepers to sweep better – as they are already pretty good and if they did a bit worse, it wouldn’t be pivotal to the success of the enterprise. But if they did something about the queuing – that would be a different matter. Bonuses and performance management should be used where it really makes a difference and not in a blanket way. Simple, but not a bad conscience call.

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